Improvement in governors for steam-engines



0. s. LOO KE. Governors for Steam-Engines;

No. 211,335. Patented Jan. 14, 1879.

Fly 6 745i]: 055 has :1, In 7012i or 61ml slacks UNITED STATES PATENTF-FIGE- CHARLES S:LOGKE,OFCHIOAGOJLLINOIS,.ASSIGNOR or ONE-HALF HIS RIGHT TO JOHN A. SEAMAN, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN GOVERNORS FOR STEAM-ENGINES Specification forming part ofLetters Patent No. 211,335, dated January 1 4, 1879; application filedFebruary 27, 1878.

ence being had to the accompanyingdrawin gs, in which- Figure 1represents a front elevation of my. improved attachment; Fig. 2, a sideelevation I of the same; Fig. 3,.a rear section taken on the line 00 m,Fig. 2; Fig.4, a cross-section takenon the line y 3 Fig. 1; Fig. 5, asection taken on the line 2 c, Fig. 2; and Fig. 6, arear elevation ofthe adjustable compound cam.

My. invention relates to mechanism adapted to use in connection with thevalve of a steam: engine, which performs the functions of a governor andan automatic cut-off, and constitutes the means for reversing theengine.-

The invention consists in constructing and arranging theadjusting-eccentric, in connection with the governor-weights, so thatthe former maybe turned from one side of the shaft to the other, therebyreversing the engine.

It also consists in special combinations of devices, all of which willbe hereinafter more fully set forth. I

My improvement is applicable to engines of all kinds; hence it is notnecessary to describe any particular construction of engine, or todescribe and show all the different parts of an engine I shall,therefore, illustrate and describe herein only so much of an engine asis necessary to an understanding of the construction and operation of myimprovement.

In the drawings, A represents any supportin g-frame, and'B asliding-valve, which is provided with ports b b, and arranged inrelation to the cylinder-ports a a in any well-known way. The stem 0connects the valve in the usual way to an eccentric-strap, c,surrounding an eccentric of peculiar construction and arrangement.

The shaft D is the ordinary eccentric-shaft, upon which the valve isoperated. On this shaft is mounted a disk, E, which is rigidly attachedto the shaft and revolves with it. In the inner face of the disk acircular recess, 0, is out, which is arranged eccentrically to theshaft, as shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings.

A circular disk or cam, F, is constructed of a size and shape to exactlyfit into the recess 6, and an eccentric-hub, G, projects from its outerface, which is arranged eccentrically to the disk itself, and to whichthe strap 0 is fitted, as shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings.

The disk F is held within the disk It by small plates '0, attached tothe latter and extending over the edge of the former; but the disk F isfree to revolve within the recess in either direction. The shaft Dpasses through an openin g, g, extendingthrough the eccentrichub G anddisk F. This opening is shaped somethinglike a heart, as shown in Figs 5and 6 of the drawings, and permits the disk F, with its eccen trio-hub,to be rotated freely about the shaft. The parts are all constructed andso arranged relatively that the disk E may be centered on the shaft D byturning disk F into the proper position -in its recess, and when this isdone the eccentric-hub G will also be centered on the shaft, so that itsrotation will have no effect upon the valve.

This is the position of the several devices named shown in Fig. 5 of thedrawings.

It is evident, however, that if the disk F is turned in eitherdirectiomwhen in the position shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings the hub Gwill be turned around the shaftD and become eccentric thereto, theelongation of the opening 6 permitting this movement of the hub hencethe hub will now act upon the eccentric strap to reciprocate thevalve-stem, whether the disk is turned to throw the eccentric on oneside or the other of the shaft.

The extent of movement given to the disk F will, of course, determinethe degree of mo tion communicated to the valvestem, thereby regulatingthe port-openings through which steam is admitted to the cylinder.

The above construction and arrangement of the devices, as abovedescribed, are such, how ever, that the adjustment of the eccentric-hubdoes not change its general relation to the shaft and valve. ment beingeffected by the rotation of another eccentric, F, about the same shaft,the relation of the hub to the valve and cylinder ports is alwaysmaintained, so that the opening or closing of the ports will beprecisely the same in degree in each, and there will be no differencebetween the ports in taking steam what- In other words, the adjustevermay be the adjustment of the eccentric. The pulsations of the enginewill therefore be perfectly regular, instead of irregular and jerky, asis usually the case. The disk F must, of course, be connected to thedisk Ein some way, so as to revolve with the shaft, and the connectionmust be such as to perfnit the adjustment above mentioned.

In order to effect the necessary adjustment of the disk F, I connect itwith the governor, and in carrying out my improvement in one Way I mountthe governor on the disk E, which is attached to the shaft. This isaccomplished by providing the disk with the radial arms H, projectingfrom the periphery on opposite sides of the disk. On these arms arearranged weights I, preferably of circular form 011 their inner faces tofit the periphery of the disk. The weights are fitted loosely on thearms, so as to slide back and forth thereon, and are held in position bysprings J, fastened to the outer ends of the arms, and made adjustablein tension by means of nuts h, turned upon the extreme outer ends of theradial arms. I prefer elliptical springs, as shown in the drawings,though some other form of spring may be used instead.

The weights I are connected, respectively, to the disk F by means ofstraps or links '5, pivoted, respectively, to the weights and to thedisk, the pivots on the disk being arranged 'on opposite sides of theshaft D, as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings.

Now it'is evident that whenever the speed of the engine is increased sothat the centripetal force of the weights overcomes the resistance ofthe springs the former will slide outward upon the arms, which movementwill turn the disk F by means of the connectinglinks '5, the arrangementof which causes them to operate in the same direction upon the disk.

The rotation of the disk thus caused adjusts the eccentric-hub, therebych an gin g the movement of the valve so as to cut off a portion of thesteam, as heretofore described, and when the speed slackens the springsforce the weights I inward, thereby causing an adjustment in thecontrary direction, and with a contrary effect. Hence, with thismechanism we have an adjustable cut-01f combined with a governor, bymeans of which the cut-off is automatically regulated.

I have shown and described one way of carrying out my invention; but Ido not limit myself to this particular construction of a governor, asthe double-cam eccentric may be connected with a governor of differentconstruction.

The inner face of the eccentric-disk F is provided with a tapering or\l-shaped recess, f, as shown in Fig. 6 of the drawings. A shaft, is,the outer end of which projects outside the hub of the disk E, as shownin Fig. 4 of the drawings, extends through the latter, and is providedwith a crank-arm, k, on its inner end, which enters the recess fabove'dcscribed.

By turning the shaft by any suitable device attached to its outer end,it is evident that the disk F will be thrown around the shaft D to oneside or the other thereof. The length of the crank-arm 7c and its rangeof motion are such that the disk F may be thrown entirely around, so asto reverse the position of the pivotal connections of the links 13 withreference to the shaft Dthat is, change them to opposite sides of theshaft from those they previously occupied. This movement of theeccentric-disk reverses the position of the eccentric-hub in the strap0, and hence reverses the direction in which it operates upon thevalve-stem, thereby reversing the engine.

It is evident, therefore, that the engine may be reversed by vibratingthe disk F in the required direction, as above described.

I have shown and described a disk, E, in

which the eccentric-disk is received and held;

constitute together a kind of double or com pound cam or eccentric, onaccount of the cocentric arrangement of the seat of the former.

It is the equalizing or compensating effect of one of these eccentricsupon the other, as they are adj usted' together about the shaft, whichenables me to cut off steam in the same degree at each of the ports, sothat the same amount of steam will be taken by each under allcircumstances.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A compound or double valve-eccentric composed of the eccentric-seatE, disk F, and hub G, in combination with a governor and mechanismconnecting the parts, whereby the device is adapted to operate as acutoff, governor, and engine-reverser, substantially as described.

2. The eccentric-seat E, in combination with the double disk F G, thegovernor-weightsl, and the pivoted links '1', pivotedto the disk F onopposite sides of the shaft, and arranged so that their position may bereversed bythe rotation of the eccentrics to reverse .the 'en'l gine,substantially as described.

3. The eccentric-seat E, in combination with the disk F and eccentric G,both provided with the slot g and crank-shaft K, for reversin g theengine, substantially as described.

CHARLES S. LOOKE.

